The result of the execution is quite a long value, so the code is reduced to 6-8 characters for the user's convenience. HOTP: HMAC-Based One-Time Password Algorithm To keep the password constantly changing, we need to enter some variable and use it in the algorithm. Based on this key, we will generate the one-time passwords. The process of passing the secret key can be as follows: the user either scans the QR code or enters the secret key manually. To set up 2FA on the server, a secret key is generated and transferred to the user's OTP-generating application. The user then opens an OTP-generating application, such as Google Authenticator, and enters the generated code. The authentication process is illustrated in the following diagram:Īfter the user logs in with their username and password, one is prompted to enter an OTP. The main distinguishing feature of these protocols is that the server does not need to send an OTP to the user's phone or email. Let's take a closer look at TOTP/HOTP protocols and their implementation. If a malicious party has obtained your password through theft or guessing, they will not be able to access your account without confirming the second factor.
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